Kutubaka ‘’icyumba cy’umugore’’ ni icyuho mu myubakirey’amasoko

Mu Rwanda hari gukorerwa ishoramari rinini ririrmo no kubaka amasoko agezweho, afite parikingi  z’imodoka zihagije, ibisenge byiza bikomeye, ubwiherero bwiza bugezweho, inzira z’abafite ubumuga n’ibindi. Iyi myubakire n’ubwo iri guhindura ubuzima bw’abaturage muri rusange, hari ikintu cy’ingezi kibagiranye: Icyumba cy’umugore. Ibyo bituma  bakora ubucuruzi bwabo mu masoko badatekanye, bikabagiraho ingaruka mu iterambere ryihuse.

Mu gihe umubare munini w’abakora ubucuruzi mu masoko ari abagore, iki cyumba ni ngombwa, aho umugore cyangwa umukiriya w’umugore ashobora kwifashisha mu gihe ari mu mihango, mu konsa umwana, mu gihe afashwe n’inda akiri mu isoko n’ibindi bijyanye n’umwihariko w’abagore. Iki cyuho kirerekana ko mu mishinga y’ibikorwa remezo  hakirimo icyuho cy’imibereho y’abakoresha amasoko buri munsi.

Uwimana Marie Claire ni umucuruzi w’imyaka 35 y’amavuko, akorera mu isoko rya Nyabugogo. Yagize ati ‘’Twishimira uburyo isoko ryacu ryubatse neza, ni rinini, rifite amazi meza, rikagira amashanyarazi, ariko iyo ndi mu mihango  mba mfite ikibazo ko ntahantu hihariye ho kwisukurira hatari mu bwiherero bukoreshwa n’abantu bose. Iyo icyo kibazo kimbayeho, biba ngombwa ko njya gushaka ahandi hantu hanze y’isoko nkirwanaho, rimwe na rimwe nagaruka ngasanga abakiriya banjye  bigendeye, bikampombya.’’

Undi mubyeyi ufite umwana w’amezi arindwi agira ati ” Iyo nje guhaha nisanga ndi gushaka ahantu ho konkereza umwana wanjye nkumva mbangamiwe no kuba isoko ridafite ahantu nisanzurira. Hari igihe binyobera nkinginga umuntu waparitse imodoka akantiza aho mpera umwana ibere kubera ko mba nagize isoni zo kumwonkereza ku gasozi.’’

Mu isoko rya Musanze rizwi ku izina rya GOIKO ribarizwa mu karere ka Musanze,  umunyamakuru yagiranye ikiganiro n’umwe mu bagore bahacururiza  (yahawe izina rya Niwemwezi Ndlr) maze amubwira ko kutagira icyumba cy’umugore mu isoko bimuteza ingorane n’igihombo gikomeye mu bucuruzi bwe  bw’ibikoresho byo mu gikoni bwa buri munsi.

Yagize ati ‘’Mu gihe cy’imihango hari igihe ndibwa mu nda cyane nkiryamira mu iduka ryanjye, abakiriya bagatuma ntaruhuka nari mbikeneye. Hari igihe imihango ikubangamira ugakenera gukaraba  byagukomeranye (gutawaza) ugasanga ku bwiherero batonze umurongo ari benshi, ari abategereje kwituma ibikomeye cyangwa kwihagarika. Ntushobora kubabwira ko ari wowe ufite ikibazo gikomeye kurusha abo uhasanze, cyane ko uba utazi ibyabo.’’

No mu isoko rya Byangabo riherereye mu murenge wa Busogo mu karere ka Musanze, bamwe mu bagore bahakorera bashimangira ko  icyumba cy’umugore mu  masoko gikenewe, kuko abagore bagira umwihariko w’uko baremwe .

Yagize ati ‘’Ntabwo twifuza icyumba cy’umugore cyangwa umukobwa nk’ibintu by’agatangaza, ahubwo ni icy’ibanze  kigomba kuba muri buri soko, cyane ko ariho dukorera ubucuruzi bwacu, kandi kubera uko twaremwe  hari ibidusaba kwiyitaho tugira isuku cyane.’’

Umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Musanze  wungirije ushinzwe imibereho myiza y’abaturage, Kayiranga Theobard yemera ko iki kibazo gihari, agashimangira ko mu mishinga yo kubaka amasoko hakwiye kujya hatekerezwa n’icyumba cy’umugore /umukobwa.

Agira ati ’’Nibyo koko iyo urebye amasoko hafi ya yose yo mu karere kacu, usanga mu kuyubaka hataratekerejwe icyumba cy’umugore. Nyamara  ni igikorwa cyiza mu kubungabunga ubuzima bw’umugore n’umukobwa muri rusange mu kubafasha gukora akazi kabo neza .‘’.

Akomeza avuga ko agiye kubiganiraho n’ubuyobozi bw’amasoko hakarebwa uko hashakwa icyo cyumba nk’uko hari gahunda yo kubaka hazirikanwa abafite ubumuga, kuko yumva ari ngombwa cyane.

Ibi kandi byanagarutsweho n’impuguke mu by’ubwubatsi,  Bisengimana Eric wo mu karerere ka Karongi  ushinzwe ishami ry’ubwubatsi aho yasanzwe mu isoko rya Rubavu akabazwa ikijyanye n’imyubakire y’isoko rishya riri kubakwa akurikirana umunsi ku munsi, niba haba haratekerejwe ku cyumba cy’umugore.

Yagize ati ’’iri soko rifite ibyumba 364 byose bizakoreshwa kuri 60%, inyubako yatekerejwe neza hubahirizwa ibisabwa , harimo ibikoresho byiza byujuje ubuzirange bizabasha guhangana n’imitingito inshuro 200%, ubwiherero bwiza, parikingi zubahirje ibisabwa, ubwishingizi, kwita ku bafite ubumuga ndetse banitaye ku ihame ry’uburinganire kuko bafite abakozi b’abagore n’ab’abagabo (…) ariko rwose icyumba cy’umugore nticyatekerejweho, ariko dufite ibyumba byinshi dushobora kuzabyigaho tugashaka igisubizo’’.

Imibare yerekana ko abarenga 60% bakora ubucuruzi ari abagore bakorera mu masoko atandukanye. Kutagira icyumba cyihariye  bituma abacuruzi b’abagore bahomba ndetse rimwe na rimwe bakagizwa kugira isuku nkeya kubera kubura aho bakemurira ibibazo byihariye ku buzima bwabo .

Abagore bafatiye runini ubucuruzi

Imibare itangwa na Un Women igaragaza ko 58% by’abagore bakora ubucuruzi ari abikorera, mu gihe Alpha.statistics.gov.rw ivuga ko abagore bafite uruhare runini mu bucuruzi kuko abagera kuri 70% bakora ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka; naho NISR ( Ikigo cy’igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare mu Rwanda) ikerekana ko 69.2% by’abakora ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka mu 2022 bari abagore, naho abagabo ari 30.8%

Mu kiganiro yagiranye n’abanyamakuru , umuyobozi w’umujyi wa Kigali,  Samuel Dusengiyumva yavuze ko abashoramari bose bagomba gukora batuje kandi batekanye kugira ngo bakore akazi kabo neza babashe kwiteza imbere.

Kuri iki kibazo cyo kuba icyumba ku mugore ushora imari ye mu isoko kitaratekerejweho cyane ko byagaragaye ko aribo benshi mu masoko, yagize ati ’’Amasoko yubakwaga bigaragara ko ari mato bitewe n’abayagana, ari kongerwa. Iki kibazo nticyari cyaratekerejweho  nk’uko hatekerejwe ku marerero y’abana kandi bikagaragara ko bifitiye akamaro abana n‘ababyeyi, Tugiye kwicara hamwe tunarebe ko hashyirwaho icyumba cy’umugore kugira ngo nawe akore akazi ke k’ubucuruzi bwo mu isoko atekanye’’.

Africa.unwomen.org igaragaza ko Beijing+30 ( Isuzuma ryo ku rwego rw’isi rikorwa nyuma y’imyaka 30) yo mu mwaka wa 2024 yerekana ibikorwa bitandukanye byo gushyigikira ubuvugizi bw’abagore harimo ko abafite imishinga bari ku masoko n’amahirwe yo kubona amasoko ku mbuga, bitandukanye ndetse no guteza imbere ubushobozi bw’abagore mu masoko y’ibicuruzwa. Ibi  bikaba bigaragaza umurongo politiki nziza igihugu gifite mu gushyigikira abagore mu byiciro byose.

Alice INGABIRE